Flandrois R, Lacour J R
Bull Eur Physiopathol Respir. 1977 May-Jun;13(3):329-41.
Muscle can use ATP exclusively as the direct source of energy for contraction. The muscle ATP stores cannot provide more than 1 or 2 kcal of muscular work. tthe energy for resynthetizing ATP is supplied by three processes : the breakdown of creatine phosphate, anaerobic glycolysis and aerobic processes. These three mechanisms are characterized by different inertia, maximal output and capacity. Taking into account the part of aerobic processes in energy production, the physical fitness of an individual is usually expressed by its maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max.). When the energy requirements cannot be met by aerobic reactions, the subject contracts an oxygen deficit which is compensated for during the recovery period by an oxygen uptake exceeding the rest requirements. During exercise tidal volume and ventilatory frequency are increased. The increase in ventilatory output is directly related to the workload until 75% of the maximal aerobic power is reached. For higher relative workloads the increase in ventilatory output is steeper. This increased ventilation allows the organism to limit the decreases in PaO2 and pH during exercises of high intensity.
肌肉收缩时可仅将ATP作为直接能量来源。肌肉中的ATP储备所提供的肌肉功不超过1或2千卡。ATP再合成所需的能量由三个过程提供：磷酸肌酸分解、无氧糖酵解和有氧过程。这三种机制具有不同的惰性、最大输出量和产能能力。考虑到有氧过程在能量产生中的作用，个体的身体素质通常用其最大摄氧量（VO2 max）来表示。当有氧反应无法满足能量需求时，个体出现氧亏，在恢复期间通过超过静息需求的摄氧量来弥补。运动期间潮气量和呼吸频率增加。通气量的增加与工作量直接相关，直至达到最大有氧功率的75%。对于更高的相对工作量，通气量的增加更为陡峭。这种通气增加使机体在高强度运动期间能够限制动脉血氧分压（PaO2）和pH值的下降。
