Random initiation of replication of plasmids P1 and F (oriS) when integrated into the Escherichia coli chromosome.

We have constructed intP1 and intFs strains of Escherichia coli in which the basic replicons of either plasmid P1 or plasmid F (oriS) were integrated into an inactivated oriC, such that chromosome replication is controlled by the integrated plasmid replicon. In this study, we have further analysed these strains, and density-shift experiments revealed that chromosome replication occurred randomly during the cell cycle. Flow-cytometry analyses of exponentially growing populations supported this conclusion, and also showed that the DNA/mass ratio of the strains decreased with increasing growth rate. Flow cytometry of exponentially growing cultures treated with rifampicin demonstrated that initiation of replication was uncoordinated in cells containing multiple replication origins.