Spectral analysis of hemodynamics during left ventricular assistance.

In order to analyze the autonomic nervous system during left ventricular (LV) assistance, fluctuations in hemodynamic derivatives were evaluated by a spectral analyzing method using a fast fourier transform (FFT) methodology. After the left pleural cavity was opened through the fourth intercostal space under general anesthesia, a pneumatically driven ventricular assist system was implanted as in left heart bypasses in chronic animal experiments, using three healthy adult goats. Hemodynamic parameters with and without LV assistance were recorded on a magnetic tape in the awake condition then analyzed in a computer system through an A-D convertor. Power spectral analysis was performed on a beat-to-beat basis for the evaluation of the fluctuations. During copulsation mode LV assistance, Mayer wave fluctuations (0.1 Hz) were significantly increased compared with counterpulsation mode LV assist, suggesting an increase in sympathetic tone. Co-pulsation mode LV assist is reported to increase the afterload of the natural left ventricle, thus, the sympathetic tone may be increased to maintain a natural heart output.