Ohberg A, Vuori E, Ojanperä I, Lonngvist J
Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland.
Br J Psychiatry. 1996 Jul;169(1):75-80. doi: 10.1192/bjp.169.1.75.
Alcohol and drugs use were assessed in a nationwide one year suicide study in Finland.
Alcohol and drugs use were analysed in 1348 suicides, 96.5% of all suicides in the study year. Relative suicide risks for drugs were defined by relating the number of suicides committed by use of various drugs to drug availability.
Alcohol was detected twice as often in men as in women; the opposite was the case with drugs. The drugs most commonly used for suicide were neuroleptics and antidepressants, which were, in 74.3% and 77.4% of the cases, respectively, the victims own prescribed drugs. Antidepressants were found in 19.0% of women and only 4.8% of men. Relative suicide risk for antidepressants varied substantially between different compounds.
Undertreatment of depression is a challenge for suicide prevention. Those who commit suicide by antidepressants use their own drugs. Relative suicide risk for a drug should be considered when choosing treatment for depressive patients.
在芬兰一项为期一年的全国性自杀研究中对酒精和药物使用情况进行了评估。
对1348例自杀案例中的酒精和药物使用情况进行了分析，这些案例占研究年度所有自杀案例的96.5%。通过将使用各种药物导致的自杀人数与药物可得性相关联来确定药物的相对自杀风险。
在男性中检测到酒精的频率是女性的两倍；药物情况则相反。最常用于自杀的药物是抗精神病药和抗抑郁药，在74.3%和77.4%的案例中，这些药物分别是受害者自己的处方药。在19.0%的女性和仅4.8%的男性中发现了抗抑郁药。不同化合物的抗抑郁药相对自杀风险差异很大。
抑郁症治疗不足是自杀预防面临的一项挑战。那些使用抗抑郁药自杀的人使用的是他们自己的药物。为抑郁症患者选择治疗方法时应考虑药物的相对自杀风险。
