Martin L M, Parker S L, Wingo P A, Heath C W
Cancer Pract. 1996 May-Jun;4(3):130-4.
Population-based estimates of cervical cancer incidence and screening are described.
Data from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results and from the 1992 National Health Interview Survey Cancer Control Supplement were used to examine differences in disease rates, stage at diagnosis, and screening practices among population groups.
The overall age-adjusted incidence rate for invasive cervical cancer was 8.5 per 100,000 women in 1988-1992. Rates for black women were 66% higher than those for white women. At the youngest ages, rates were similar for both races--about 2.0 per 100,000. At older ages, rates diverged, increasing to 17.2 for white women ages 60 to 64 and 47.0 for black women aged 85 and older. Most cervical cancers were diagnosed at the localized stage, and older women and minority women were more likely to be diagnosed with advanced stage disease. Almost 25% of women reported they had not had a Papanicolaou smear test within the past 3 years. Among women younger than 45, whites were more likely than blacks not to have been screened. Among black women, there were regional differences in the use of Papanicolaou test, with those who lived in the South most likely not to be screened.
Although rates for some groups appear to be converging, disparities still exist. Targeted approaches to screening, follow-up, and treatment are necessary to ensure that trends in cervical cancer incidence continue to improve.
描述基于人群的宫颈癌发病率和筛查情况。
使用监测、流行病学和最终结果数据以及1992年全国健康访谈调查癌症控制补充资料，来研究不同人群组在疾病发病率、诊断分期和筛查实践方面的差异。
1988 - 1992年，浸润性宫颈癌的总体年龄调整发病率为每10万名女性中有8.5例。黑人女性的发病率比白人女性高66%。在最年轻的年龄段，两个种族的发病率相似——约为每10万人中有2.0例。在较高年龄段，发病率出现差异，60至64岁白人女性的发病率增至17.2，85岁及以上黑人女性的发病率为47.0。大多数宫颈癌在局部阶段被诊断出来，老年女性和少数族裔女性更有可能被诊断为晚期疾病。近25%的女性报告称她们在过去3年内未进行过巴氏涂片检查。在45岁以下的女性中，白人比黑人更有可能未接受筛查。在黑人女性中，巴氏涂片检查的使用存在地区差异，居住在南方的女性最有可能未接受筛查。
尽管某些群体的发病率似乎正在趋同，但差异仍然存在。需要有针对性的筛查、随访和治疗方法，以确保宫颈癌发病率的趋势持续改善。
