Benign colorectal polyps. Endoscopic surveillance guidelines and effects on colorectal cancer risk.

In the past several years, there have been major advances in the understanding of colorectal cancer from both the clinical and basic science level. Although there are various techniques for colorectal cancer screening and surveillance, the most cost-effective approach has yet to be determined. As molecular biology techniques are improved and incorporated into clinical practice, identification of high-risk populations seems possible. With future advances in endoscopy and imaging, patient compliance can be improved. With the proper combination of both clinical and basic science techniques, it seems reasonable that a further reduction in the mortality from colorectal cancer can be accomplished.