Sciuto A M, Stotts R R, Chittenden V, Choung E, Heflin M D
Pathophysiology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland 21010-5425, USA.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1996 Sep 24;226(3):906-11. doi: 10.1006/bbrc.1996.1448.
Mice, rats and guinea pigs were exposed to phosgene (COCl2), a highly irritating and oxidizing gas. Animals were exposed to 87 mg/m3 phosgene for 20 min in a whole-body exposure chamber. Within 55-65 minutes after the start of exposure, plasma was scanned spectrophotometrically from 200-600 nm. A distinct and significant increase in area under the curve in the Soret band region at 413 nm was observed in plasma from phosgene-exposed animals when compared with air-exposed controls in all three species. These peaks were consistent with hemoglobin, an indication that the integrity of the erythrocyte membrane had been compromised by exposure. An erythrocyte osmotic fragility assay on blood from mice exposed to phosgene indicated that 30% less NaCl was needed to cause 50% hemolysis compared to air-exposed mice. These results suggest a new mechanism of phosgene-induced acute lung injury that may be linked, in part, to a direct attack on the erythrocyte membrane.
将小鼠、大鼠和豚鼠暴露于光气（COCl₂）中，光气是一种具有高度刺激性和氧化性的气体。动物在全身暴露舱中暴露于87 mg/m³的光气中20分钟。在开始暴露后的55 - 65分钟内，对血浆在200 - 600 nm波长范围内进行分光光度扫描。与所有三个物种中暴露于空气的对照组相比，在暴露于光气的动物血浆中，在413 nm处的索雷特带区域曲线下面积有明显且显著的增加。这些峰值与血红蛋白一致，表明红细胞膜的完整性因暴露而受到损害。对暴露于光气的小鼠血液进行的红细胞渗透脆性试验表明，与暴露于空气的小鼠相比，引起50%溶血所需的氯化钠减少了30%。这些结果提示了一种光气诱导急性肺损伤的新机制，这可能部分与对红细胞膜的直接攻击有关。
