Rabin J
Aircrew Health and Performance Division, U.S. Army Aeromedical Research Laboratory, Fort Rucker, AL 36362-0577, USA.
Aviat Space Environ Med. 1996 Feb;67(2):161-4.
Optimal visual acuity is a requirement for piloting aircraft in military and civilian settings. While acuity can be corrected with glasses, spectacle wear can limit or even prohibit use of certain devices such as night vision goggles, helmet mounted displays, and/or chemical protective masks. Although current Army policy is directed toward selection of pilots who do not require spectacle correction for acceptable vision, refractive error can become manifest over time, making optical correction necessary. In such cases, contact lenses have been used quite successfully. Another approach is to neglect small amounts of refractive error, provided that vision is at least 20/20 without correction. This report describes visual findings in an aviator who was fitted with a contact lens to correct moderate astigmatism in one eye, while the other eye, with lesser refractive error, was left uncorrected. Advanced methods of testing visual resolution, including high and low contrast visual acuity and small letter contrast sensitivity, were used to compare vision achieved with full spectacle correction to that attained with the habitual, contact lens correction. Although the patient was pleased with his habitual correction, vision was significantly better with full spectacle correction, particularly on the small letter contrast test. Implications of these findings are considered.
在军事和民用领域，最佳视力是驾驶飞机的一项要求。虽然视力可以通过眼镜矫正，但佩戴眼镜可能会限制甚至禁止使用某些设备，如夜视镜、头盔显示器和/或化学防护面罩。尽管目前陆军的政策是选拔那些视力可接受且无需眼镜矫正的飞行员，但随着时间的推移，屈光不正可能会显现出来，从而需要进行光学矫正。在这种情况下，隐形眼镜已被成功使用。另一种方法是忽略少量的屈光不正，前提是未矫正的视力至少为20/20。本报告描述了一名飞行员的视力检查结果，该飞行员一只眼睛佩戴隐形眼镜矫正中度散光，而另一只眼睛屈光不正较轻，未进行矫正。采用了先进的视觉分辨率测试方法，包括高对比度和低对比度视力以及小字对比敏感度测试，以比较完全眼镜矫正与习惯性隐形眼镜矫正所达到的视力。尽管患者对其习惯性矫正感到满意，但完全眼镜矫正的视力明显更好，尤其是在小字对比测试中。文中还考虑了这些发现的意义。
