Gray G M, Li P, Shlyakhter I, Wilson R
Center for Risk Analysis, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 1995 Dec;22(3):283-91. doi: 10.1006/rtph.1995.0011.
This study was stimulated by a recent U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA, 1994) statement in draft environmental carcinogen risk assessment guidelines: "Several kinds of observations from animal studies can contribute to the judgment whether animal responses indicate a significant carcinogenic hazard to humans." We have investigated each of these kinds of observation using the cancer bioassay data system database. We obtained concordances from rat to mouse (and vice versa) for various subgroups of chemicals as follows: chemicals that induced tumors at multiple sites, chemicals that induce cancer in both sexes, chemicals that display reduced latency, and chemicals increasing the rates of rare tumors. The concordances are much higher for these chemical subgroups than the chemical groups that induce tumor at a single site, in only one sex, or without reduced latency, respectively. Thus, our findings support some of the EPA's suggested factors.
本研究受到美国环境保护局（EPA，1994年）近期发布的环境致癌物风险评估指南草案中的如下表述所推动：“动物研究中的几类观察结果有助于判断动物反应是否表明对人类存在重大致癌危害。”我们利用癌症生物测定数据系统数据库对每一类观察结果进行了调查。我们获得了各类化学物质从大鼠到小鼠（反之亦然）的一致性情况如下：在多个部位诱发肿瘤的化学物质、在两性中诱发癌症的化学物质、潜伏期缩短的化学物质以及增加罕见肿瘤发生率的化学物质。这些化学物质亚组的一致性远高于分别在单一部位诱发肿瘤、仅在一种性别中诱发肿瘤或潜伏期未缩短的化学物质组。因此，我们的研究结果支持了EPA建议的一些因素。
