Rosenman K D, Hall N
Michlgan State University, East Lansing 48824-1316, USA.
Am J Ind Med. 1996 Aug;30(2):148-54. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0274(199608)30:2<148::AID-AJIM5>3.0.CO;2-X.
We sought to assess whether there is an increased risk of tuberculosis among individuals who work in certain industries or occupations. A case-referent study of 149 male tuberculosis (TB) patients reported to the New Jersey Health Department from 1985 to 1987 and 290 referents was performed. Standardized interviews were conducted via the telephone or in person. Increased risk of TB was highest in heavy drinkers (OR = 3.33, 95% CL 1.99-5.59) and those who had a history of living with someone who had a history of TB (OR = 10.92, 95% CL 4.92-24.22). Occupations and industries associated with elevated risk for TB included: four silica-using industries-quarrying (OR = 3.96, 95% CL 0.36-44.02), pottery and related products (OR = 1.99, 95% CL 0.49-8.06), nonmetallic mineral and stone products (OR = 4.00, 95% CL 0.72-22.10), and ship and boat building and repair (OR = 1.84, 95% CL 0.76-4.43); hospitals (OR = 2.10, 95% CL 1.08-4.10); light truck drivers (OR = 2.49, 95% CL 1.30-4.77); agriculture (OR = 2.31, 95% CL 0.82-6.50); eating and drinking establishments (OR = 2.83, 95% CL 1.11-7.20); and janitors/cleaners (OR = 2.00, 95% CL 0.63-6.31). Except for janitors/cleaners, these elevated odds ratios remained for the above occupations/industries after controlling for alcohol or a history of having lived with someone with tuberculosis. Limitations of the study include a poor response rate (38%) and the exclusion of women from the study.
我们试图评估从事某些行业或职业的个体患结核病的风险是否增加。对1985年至1987年向新泽西州卫生部报告的149例男性结核病患者及290名对照者进行了病例对照研究。通过电话或面对面进行标准化访谈。结核病风险增加在重度饮酒者中最高（比值比[OR]=3.33，95%可信区间[CL]1.99 - 5.59）以及有与结核病患者共同生活史的人群中（OR = 10.92，95% CL 4.92 - 24.22）。与结核病风险升高相关的职业和行业包括：四个使用二氧化硅的行业——采石业（OR = 3.96，95% CL 0.36 - 44.02）、陶瓷及相关产品业（OR = 1.99，95% CL 0.49 - 8.06）、非金属矿物和石材产品业（OR = 4.00，95% CL 0.72 - 22.10）以及船舶建造和修理业（OR = 1.84，95% CL 0.76 - 4.43）；医院（OR = 2.10，95% CL 1.08 - 4.10）；轻型卡车司机（OR = 2.49，95% CL 1.30 - 4.77）；农业（OR = 2.31，95% CL 0.82 - 6.50）；餐饮场所（OR = 2.83，95% CL 1.11 - 7.20）；以及门卫/清洁工（OR = 2.00，95% CL 0.63 - 6.31）。除门卫/清洁工外，在控制饮酒或与结核病患者共同生活史后，上述职业/行业的这些升高的比值比仍然存在。该研究的局限性包括应答率较低（38%）以及研究中排除了女性。
