Schweinberger S R
Universität Konstanz and Bezirkskrankenhaus Erlangen, Federal Republic of Germany.
Brain Cogn. 1995 Oct;29(1):23-35. doi: 10.1006/brcg.1995.1265.
This study investigated the performance of left- (LBD) and right-brain-damaged (RBD) patients in recognizing personal names under different conditions of associative priming. Subjects performed speeded familiarity decisions for names of famous and unfamiliar persons. These target names were preceded by primes, either faces or names, which could be neutral, related (e.g. Gorbachev-Jelzin), or unrelated (e.g. Travolta-Carter). Overall impairments in name recognition were observed in both patient groups relative to controls but were more severe in LBD than in RBD patients. This suggests that, contrary to previous hypotheses, the recognition of personal names is more dependent on left hemisphere functioning. In controls and LBD patients, associative priming effects did not differ significantly between face and name primes. In RBD patients, however, associative priming from names was larger than priming from faces. This specificity of priming effects for names in RBD patients was tentatively related to their impairments in face recognition.
本研究调查了左脑损伤（LBD）和右脑损伤（RBD）患者在不同联想启动条件下识别个人姓名的表现。受试者对著名人物和不熟悉人物的名字进行快速熟悉度判断。这些目标名字之前有启动刺激，要么是面孔，要么是名字，启动刺激可以是中性的、相关的（如戈尔巴乔夫-叶利钦）或不相关的（如特拉沃尔塔-卡特）。与对照组相比，两个患者组在名字识别方面均观察到总体损伤，但LBD患者比RBD患者更严重。这表明，与先前的假设相反，个人姓名的识别更依赖于左半球功能。在对照组和LBD患者中，面孔启动刺激和名字启动刺激之间的联想启动效应没有显著差异。然而，在RBD患者中，名字的联想启动效应大于面孔的启动效应。RBD患者中名字启动效应的这种特异性初步与其面孔识别损伤有关。
