Stammers J P, Hull D, Silver M, Fowden A L
Department of Child Health, University Hospital and Medical School, Nottingham, England.
Reprod Fertil Dev. 1995;7(5):1275-84. doi: 10.1071/rd9951275.
The effects of different nutritional states on plasma lipid concentrations have been examined in pregnant mares and their fetuses. Maternal and fetal arterial catheters were inserted into 12 pony mares between 244-303 days' gestation (term 320-360 days) and observations made from 5 days following the insertion of catheters. After recovery from surgery maternal and fetal arterial samples were withdrawn from 7 mares with normal feeding patterns (Group IA), from four of these mares at the end of a 30 h fast and 3 h later following refeeding (Group IB) and six mares who failed to re-establish normal feeding patterns (Group II). The fatty acid concentrations and composition of the plasma free fatty acid (FFA), triacylglycerol and phospholipid fractions were analysed. Maternal FFA, triacylglycerol and phospholipid concentrations were significantly raised in the fasted (Group IB) and under-fed (Group II) mares. Fetal concentrations of FFA and phospholipid increased significantly in the group of under-fed (Group II) mares but not in the fasted (Group IB) mares. In the fetal plasma the proportions of polyunsaturated fatty acids derived from essential fatty acids in the FFA and phospholipid fractions were much higher than those in the mare. In the fasted (IB) and under-fed (II) groups the relative amounts of the polyunsaturated fatty acids in each fraction remained unchanged (P > 0.05). These results show a short fast or prolonged undernutrition result in raised maternal plasma lipid concentrations which in turn can effect the total amount of lipid in the fetal circulation. However any increases in polyunsaturated fatty acids in the fetus (e.g. in Group II) are unlikely to come from the maternal circulation; likely sources of these fatty acids are the placenta or fetal tissues.
研究人员对怀孕母马及其胎儿在不同营养状态下血浆脂质浓度的影响进行了检测。在妊娠244 - 303天（足月为320 - 360天）期间，将12匹母矮种马的母马和胎儿动脉导管插入，在导管插入后5天开始进行观察。术后恢复后，从7匹具有正常进食模式的母马（IA组）、其中4匹母马在禁食30小时结束时以及重新喂食3小时后（IB组）和6匹未能恢复正常进食模式的母马（II组）采集母马和胎儿的动脉样本。分析了血浆游离脂肪酸（FFA）、三酰甘油和磷脂组分的脂肪酸浓度及组成。禁食（IB组）和进食不足（II组）的母马中，母马的FFA、三酰甘油和磷脂浓度显著升高。进食不足（II组）的母马胎儿的FFA和磷脂浓度显著增加，但禁食（IB组）的母马胎儿则未增加。在胎儿血浆中，FFA和磷脂组分中源自必需脂肪酸的多不饱和脂肪酸比例远高于母马。在禁食（IB组）和进食不足（II组）中，各组分中多不饱和脂肪酸的相对含量保持不变（P>0.05）。这些结果表明，短期禁食或长期营养不良会导致母马血浆脂质浓度升高，进而影响胎儿循环中的脂质总量。然而，胎儿中多不饱和脂肪酸的任何增加（如II组）不太可能来自母体循环；这些脂肪酸可能的来源是胎盘或胎儿组织。
