Taguchi H, Murao K, Nakamura K, Uchida M, Shingu K
Department of Anesthesiology, Kansai Medical University Hospital, Osaka, Japan.
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 1996 Feb;40(2):232-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.1996.tb04425.x.
Although several epidural catheterizations in small animals have been reported, all of them were performed surgically and no percutaneous method has been reported. We have established a technique for percutaneous chronic epidural catheterization in rabbits.
Following pentobarbital anesthesia, the animals (n = 15) were fixed in a prone position using a fixing apparatus. A 19-gauge Tuohy needle was inserted in the lumbar region at an angle of about 30 degrees to the skin with the paramedian approach and advanced into the epidural space with the loss-of-resistance method. A 23-gauge Nylon catheter was advanced cephalad in the epidural space and the distal tip was extruded from the neck following the subcutaneous tunnelling. The effects of 0.5 ml of 1% lidocaine injected through the catheter were observed for 10 days.
No behavioral or neurological abnormalities were observed after the catheterization except for one case of catheterization in the epidural vessel. Motor paralysis of hind-limbs became manifest at 1-2 min after injection of 0.5 ml of 1% lidocaine through the catheter, and lasted 15-25 min. Autopsy revealed that the catheter was located in the lumbar epidural space in all animals and the distribution of methylene blue was consistent with that of lidocaine.
This rabbit model can be used to investigate the effects of epidurally administered drugs.
尽管已有数篇关于小动物硬膜外导管插入术的报道，但均为外科手术操作，尚无经皮穿刺方法的报道。我们已建立了一种兔经皮慢性硬膜外导管插入术的技术。
戊巴比妥麻醉后，使用固定装置将动物（n = 15）固定于俯卧位。采用旁正中入路，将一根19号Tuohy针以与皮肤约30度角插入腰部区域，通过阻力消失法推进至硬膜外间隙。将一根23号尼龙导管在硬膜外间隙向头端推进，远端经皮下隧道从颈部引出。观察经导管注入0.5 ml 1%利多卡因10天的效果。
除1例导管误入硬膜外血管外，导管插入术后未观察到行为或神经异常。经导管注入0.5 ml 1%利多卡因后1 - 2分钟出现后肢运动麻痹，持续15 - 25分钟。尸检显示所有动物的导管均位于腰段硬膜外间隙，亚甲蓝分布与利多卡因一致。
该兔模型可用于研究硬膜外给药的效果。
