Vogelstein B, Kowarski A A, Lietman P S
Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1977 Aug;22(2):131-9. doi: 10.1002/cpt1977222131.
Continuous sampling (CS) of blood through a nonthrombogenic catheter is presented as a tool for determining various pharmacokinetic parameters after a single injection of a drug. In addition to defining many of the usual parameters used in pharmacokinetic analyses, CS provides an accurate and direct determination of the total area under the plasma concentration curve. The theoretic background underlying the CS method is derived, and a practical formulation for its use in a clinical setting is described. The aminoglycoside antibiotic, amikacin, was chosen to exemplify the use of this technique. The drug was administered to 6 children, and CS was used to define plasma and single organ (kidney) clearance, volume of distribution, half-life during the final elimination phase, the shape of the plasma concentration curve, and the exponential factorization of this curve for multicompartmental analysis. The CS method has several theoretical and practical advantages over the usual technique of intermittent blood sampling; such as accuracy in the determination of the plasma concentration-time curve integral, relative model independence, requirement for few samples, and ease in obtaining samples.
通过非血栓形成导管进行血液连续采样（CS）被视为一种在单次注射药物后测定各种药代动力学参数的工具。除了定义药代动力学分析中使用的许多常用参数外，CS还能准确、直接地测定血浆浓度曲线下的总面积。推导了CS方法的理论背景，并描述了其在临床环境中使用的实际配方。选择氨基糖苷类抗生素阿米卡星来举例说明该技术的应用。对6名儿童给药该药物，并使用CS来定义血浆和单器官（肾脏）清除率、分布容积、最终消除阶段的半衰期、血浆浓度曲线的形状以及该曲线用于多室分析的指数分解。与常规的间歇性采血技术相比，CS方法具有若干理论和实际优势；例如在测定血浆浓度-时间曲线积分方面的准确性、相对模型独立性、所需样本数量少以及获取样本容易。
