Sheets R W, Turpen S L, Hill P
Department of Chemistry, Southwest Missouri State University, Springfield 65804, USA.
Sci Total Environ. 1996 Apr 5;182(1-3):187-91. doi: 10.1016/0048-9697(95)05053-1.
When samples of pre-1950s U.S.-made ceramic dinnerware, purchased in antique shops and flea markets, were filled with 4% acetic acid or 0.5% citric acid and heated in a microwave oven for 2-5 min, lead was leached in amounts of up to 5 mg per dish. Concentrations of lead in the leachates were not significantly correlated with, and could not be predicted from, concentrations in leachates measured during 24-h room temperature acid leaching tests. Unsafe lead concentrations (>3 microg/ ml) were found in microwave leachates of dishes with uranium-containing glazes, with copper-containing glazes, and with floral over-the-glaze decals. This evidence suggests that use of such dishes to microwave common foods could result in the ingestion of dangerously large amounts of lead.
当从古董店和跳蚤市场购买的20世纪50年代以前美国制造的陶瓷餐具样本，装满4%的醋酸或0.5%的柠檬酸，并在微波炉中加热2至5分钟时，每盘会沥出高达5毫克的铅。沥出液中的铅浓度与24小时室温酸浸试验中测得的沥出液浓度没有显著相关性，也无法从该浓度预测得出。在含有铀釉、含铜釉以及花卉釉上贴花的餐具的微波沥出液中发现了不安全的铅浓度（>3微克/毫升）。这一证据表明，使用此类餐具微波普通食物可能会导致摄入危险的大量铅。
