Morey M C, Pieper C F, Sullivan R J, Crowley G M, Cowper P A, Robbins M S
Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center VA Medical Center, Durham, NC 27705, USA.
J Am Geriatr Soc. 1996 Oct;44(10):1226-31. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1996.tb01374.x.
To examine 5-year trends in measures of physical performance, and the impact of disease upon performance, in three domains: cardiovascular fitness, musculo-skeletal strength, and flexibility among older adults participating in a medically supervised exercise program.
Longitudinal analyses of data obtained in an observational cohort study.
Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center in Durham, North Carolina.
Seventy-three community-dwelling veterans between 64 and 90 years of age.
Voluntary participation in a medically supervised outpatient exercise program meeting 3 days per week for 90 minutes per session.
Changes over time in cardiovascular fitness, musculoskeletal strength, and flexibility.
Forty-nine percent of the original study participants remained in the program for a full 5 years. They had lower baseline rates of cardiorespiratory and musculoskeletal diseases than did the dropouts. Dropouts were significantly more impaired in baseline measures of cardiovascular fitness (P = .038) and strength (P = .007). Changes over time for cardiovascular fitness and strength were similar. Only linear (P < .05) and quadratic time (P < .001) were significant. Only linear time was significant for measures of flexibility (P < .05). Baseline cardiorespiratory disease, baseline musculoskeletal disease, and interaction terms were not significant. Overall, measures of physical performance demonstrated gradual improvement for 2 to 3 years, followed by a gradual decline in performance irrespective of baseline disease status.
Older adults who exercise regularly, including those with multiple chronic diseases, can achieve significant gains in measures of physical performance, and these gains can be sustained for 2 to 3 years.
在参与医学监督运动项目的老年人中，研究身体机能指标的5年变化趋势以及疾病对机能的影响，涉及三个领域：心血管健康、肌肉骨骼力量和柔韧性。
对观察性队列研究中获取的数据进行纵向分析。
北卡罗来纳州达勒姆的退伍军人事务部医疗中心。
73名年龄在64至90岁之间的社区居住退伍军人。
自愿参与医学监督的门诊运动项目，每周3天，每次90分钟。
心血管健康、肌肉骨骼力量和柔韧性随时间的变化。
49%的原始研究参与者持续参与该项目满5年。他们的心肺和肌肉骨骼疾病基线发病率低于退出者。退出者在心血管健康（P = 0.038）和力量（P = 0.007）的基线测量中受损明显更严重。心血管健康和力量随时间的变化相似。仅线性（P < 0.05）和二次时间（P < 0.001）具有显著性。柔韧性测量仅线性时间具有显著性（P < 0.05）。基线心肺疾病、基线肌肉骨骼疾病及交互项均无显著性。总体而言，身体机能指标在2至3年内逐渐改善，随后机能逐渐下降，与基线疾病状态无关。
定期锻炼的老年人，包括患有多种慢性疾病的老年人，在身体机能指标方面可取得显著提升，且这些提升可维持2至3年。
