Scaglioni P P, Melegari M, Wands J R
Molecular Hepatology Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Charlestown 02129, USA.
Baillieres Clin Gastroenterol. 1996 Jul;10(2):207-25. doi: 10.1016/s0950-3528(96)90003-2.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is an enveloped hepatotropic DNA virus. Acute and chronic HBV infection causes significant liver diseases such as acute hepatis, fulminant hepatitis and chronic active hepatitis that may lead to liver cirrhosis and the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. The use of molecular biological techniques has substantially improved our understanding of the HBV life cycle. In this review, we discuss recent advances that have contributed to a better understanding of HBV biology. Recent studies in the understanding of the life cycle of HBV such as viral entry, replication, transcriptional regulation, viral regulatory proteins, viral assembly and secretion, and nucleic acid based approaches to antiviral therapy will be emphasized. These advances in molecular biology and relationship to clinical disease will be instrumental in developing effective therapeutic approaches for the estimated 300 million individuals worldwide chronically infected with HBV.
乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）是一种有包膜的嗜肝DNA病毒。急性和慢性HBV感染会引发严重的肝脏疾病，如急性肝炎、暴发性肝炎和慢性活动性肝炎，这些疾病可能导致肝硬化和肝细胞癌的发生。分子生物学技术的应用极大地增进了我们对HBV生命周期的理解。在本综述中，我们将讨论有助于更好地理解HBV生物学的最新进展。将重点介绍近期在理解HBV生命周期方面的研究，如病毒进入、复制、转录调控、病毒调节蛋白、病毒组装与分泌，以及基于核酸的抗病毒治疗方法。这些分子生物学进展及其与临床疾病的关系，将有助于为全球约3亿慢性感染HBV的个体开发有效的治疗方法。
