Mimura M, Goodglass H, Milberg W
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Tokyo Dental College Ichikawa General Hospital, Japan.
Brain Lang. 1996 Sep;54(3):434-46. doi: 10.1006/brln.1996.0084.
BH, a left-handed patient with alexia and nonfluent aphasia, was presented with a lexical-decision task in which words and pronounceable pseudowords were preceded by semantically related or unrelated picture primes (Experiment 1). In Experiment 2, BH was given an explicit reading task using the word lists from Experiment 1. Performance on Experiment 2 disclosed severe reading deficits in both oral reading and semantic matching of the words to pictures. However, in Experiment 1, BH demonstrated a significant semantic priming effect, responding more accurately and more quickly to words preceded by related primes than by unrelated primes. The present results suggest that even in a patient with severe alexia, implicit access to semantic information can be preserved in the absence of explicit identification. The possibility of categorical gradient in implicit activation (living vs. nonliving) in BH was also discussed, which, however, needs to be clarified in the further investigation.
BH是一名患有失读症和非流畅性失语症的左利手患者，参与了一项词汇判断任务，在该任务中，单词和可发音的假词之前会出现语义相关或不相关的图片启动刺激（实验1）。在实验2中，让BH使用实验1中的单词列表进行一项明确的阅读任务。实验2的表现揭示了BH在单词的口头阅读和与图片的语义匹配方面都存在严重的阅读缺陷。然而，在实验1中，BH表现出显著的语义启动效应，与不相关启动刺激之前的单词相比，对相关启动刺激之前的单词反应更准确、更快。目前的结果表明，即使是在患有严重失读症的患者中，在没有明确识别的情况下，对语义信息的隐性获取也可以保留。文中还讨论了BH中隐性激活（有生命与无生命）存在分类梯度的可能性，不过这需要在进一步的研究中加以阐明。
