Grant A
J Perinat Neonatal Nurs. 1996 Sep;10(2):17-29. doi: 10.1097/00005237-199609000-00003.
Varicella occurring in pregnancy can be dangerous for the fetus, the mother, and the newborn. The fetus may experience multiple system damage. The mother and newborn are at increased risk for varicella pneumonia with a 9% and 20% fatality rate, respectively. The recent introduction of the varicella vaccine will affect the occurrence of gestational infection. Toxoplasmosis is rarely dangerous for the pregnant woman, yet the fetus and newborn may be at risk for chorioretinitis, hydrocephalus, intracranial calcifications, and convulsions. The greatest challenge in the management of toxoplasmosis in pregnancy is diagnosis of the asymptomatic newborn before damage occurs. Strategies to prevent toxoplasmosis should be taught to every pregnant woman as part of parental care.
孕期发生水痘对胎儿、母亲和新生儿都可能很危险。胎儿可能会经历多系统损害。母亲和新生儿患水痘肺炎的风险增加,病死率分别为9%和20%。近期水痘疫苗的引入将影响孕期感染的发生。弓形虫病对孕妇很少有危险,但胎儿和新生儿可能有患脉络膜视网膜炎、脑积水、颅内钙化和惊厥的风险。孕期弓形虫病管理中的最大挑战是在无症状新生儿出现损害之前进行诊断。作为孕期保健的一部分,应向每位孕妇传授预防弓形虫病的策略。