Mandell G A, Maloney K, Sherman N H, Filmer B
Department of Medical Imaging, Alfred I. duPont Institute, Wilmington, DE 19899, USA.
Abdom Imaging. 1996 Nov-Dec;21(6):541-5. doi: 10.1007/s002619900122.
The occurrence of horseshoe kidneys in myelodysplasia has been suggested to be overestimated because of the concurrent prevalence of kyphotic spine in the spina bifida population. Pseudohorseshoe kidneys result from the actual medial migration and apposition of the lower renal poles in the deep fossa created by the gibbus deformity. The presence of a lumbosacral kyphosis, however, does not imply there is not a true horseshoe kidney. In our myelodysplasia population of 189 patients, occurrence of true horseshoe kidneys (13 patients) and pseudohorseshoe kidneys (14 patients) was increased. The finding of lumbosacral kyphosis was twice as common in the pseudohorseshoe population as in the true horseshoe population. True horseshoe kidneys were three times more commonly seen in association with congenital vertebral anomalies cephalad to the dysraphic spine. Diagnosis in this study was predominantly based on renal cortical scintigraphy with the posterior pin-hole magnification technique.
由于脊柱裂人群中同时存在脊柱后凸，有人认为脊髓发育不良患者中马蹄肾的发生率被高估了。假性马蹄肾是由下肾极在驼背畸形形成的深窝中实际向内侧迁移并靠拢所致。然而，腰骶部脊柱后凸的存在并不意味着不存在真正的马蹄肾。在我们的189例脊髓发育不良患者中，真正马蹄肾（13例）和假性马蹄肾（14例）的发生率有所增加。腰骶部脊柱后凸在假性马蹄肾人群中的发现频率是真正马蹄肾人群的两倍。真正的马蹄肾与脊柱裂上方的先天性椎体异常相关的情况更为常见，是后者的三倍。本研究中的诊断主要基于采用后针孔放大技术的肾皮质闪烁扫描。
