Körmendy B
Central Veterinary Institute, Budapest, Hungary.
Acta Vet Hung. 1995;43(4):377-84.
The tuberculosis-free status of Hungarian cattle herds in the period between 1988 and the end of 1993 is evaluated. An epidemiological analysis of tuberculin tests, laboratory assays and allergic tests yielding positive results, summarized in three tables, is given with respect to the cattle population of Hungary. The origin of positive reactions obtained in the tuberculin tests was traced in different farms of a total of 323 communities. On those farms, the diagnostic slaughter and examination of 1,851 breeding animals to exclude or confirm Mycobacterium bovis infections involved substantial economic losses. From 25 outbreaks investigated in the period of study, a total of 191 M. bovis strains were isolated from the organs of 21 cattle in 15 household stocks in 14 communities, as well as from 170 bovine organ samples from large farms of 10 communities (7 agricultural co-operatives and 3 state farms). In all of these cases, infection could be traced back to humans excreting M. bovis. Determination of the 2-thiophenecarboxylic hydrazide (TCH) resistance of the isolates facilitated the epidemiological investigation. The paper also contains some recommendations on the prevention or reduction of losses.
对1988年至1993年底匈牙利牛群的无结核病状况进行了评估。针对匈牙利的牛群，对结核菌素试验、实验室检测及产生阳性结果的变态反应试验进行了流行病学分析，并汇总在三张表格中。在总共323个社区的不同农场中追踪了结核菌素试验中获得的阳性反应的来源。在这些农场，对1851头种畜进行诊断性屠宰和检查以排除或确认牛分枝杆菌感染，造成了巨大的经济损失。在研究期间调查的25起疫情中，从14个社区15户家庭饲养的21头牛的器官以及10个社区（7个农业合作社和3个国营农场）大型农场的170份牛器官样本中总共分离出191株牛分枝杆菌菌株。在所有这些病例中，感染都可追溯到排出牛分枝杆菌的人。对分离株的2-噻吩甲酰肼（TCH）耐药性进行测定有助于开展流行病学调查。本文还就预防或减少损失提出了一些建议。
