Miltenburg J D, de Lange D, Crauwels A P, Bongers J H, Tielen M J, Schukken Y H, Elbers A R
Animal Health Service, Boxtel, The Netherlands.
Vet Rec. 1996 Aug 31;139(9):204-7. doi: 10.1136/vr.139.9.204.
The incidence of clinical mastitis and distribution of pathogens in dairy cows was estimated in 171 randomly selected dairy herds in the southern Netherlands. A total of 1103 quarter cases were reported. The average annual incidence rate was 12.7 quarter cases per 100 cows per year. The most frequent isolates from clinical cases were Escherichia coli (16.9 per cent), Staphylococcus aureus (14.4 per cent), Streptococcus uberis (11.9 per cent) and Streptococcus dysgalactiae (8.9 per cent). Most cases were reported in early lactation: 25.4 per cent in the first month of lactation for all cows, and 39.1 per cent in the first month for first lactation cows. The rear quarters had a significantly higher incidence rate than the front quarters. Cows with an E coli infection showed more general clinical signs than cows infected with S aureus, S uberis and S dysgalactiae. A significantly higher incidence was observed in herds with a low (< 150,000 cells/ml) bulk milk somatic cell count than in herds with a count above 250,000 cells/ml.
在荷兰南部随机选取的171个奶牛场中，对临床型乳腺炎的发病率及病原菌分布情况进行了评估。共报告了1103个季度病例。平均年发病率为每100头奶牛每年12.7个季度病例。临床病例中最常见的分离菌为大肠杆菌（16.9%）、金黄色葡萄球菌（14.4%）、乳房链球菌（11.9%）和停乳链球菌（8.9%）。大多数病例报告发生在泌乳早期：所有奶牛在泌乳第一个月的发病率为25.4%，初产奶牛在第一个月的发病率为39.1%。后乳房发病率显著高于前乳房。感染大肠杆菌的奶牛比感染金黄色葡萄球菌、乳房链球菌和停乳链球菌的奶牛表现出更多的全身临床症状。与体细胞数高于250,000个/ml的牛群相比，体细胞数较低（<150,000个/ml）的牛群发病率显著更高。
