Moszczyński P, Rutowski J, Słowiński S
International Institute of Universalistic Medicine in Warsaw, Department in Tarnów, Poland.
Cent Eur J Public Health. 1996 Sep;4(3):164-8.
The study was carried out in a population of 139 men, divided into two control groups: 40 non-smokers and 39 smokers not exposed to chemical compounds, and two groups exposed to them: 19 non-smokers and 41 cigarette smokers with occupational contact with organic solvents. The results of toxicological analyses of air and chromatographic analyses of solvents demonstrated the presence of benzene, toluene, xylene and their partly hydrogenated derivatives, paraffin hydrocarbons, oleins, naphthenes (components of painter's naphtha), monohydric and polyhydric alcohols (butanol, cyclohexanol, butylene glycol) esters (ethyleneglycol acetate, butyl acetate) and ketones (methylisobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone). In the time of the studies the TWA values for benzene were 0 to 38 mg x m-3 (0 to 12 ppm), with arithmetic mean averages of about 19 mg x m-3 (6 ppm) and for the level of benzene 0-351 mg x m-3 (0-110 ppm) with arithmetic mean annual averages of about 48 mg x m-3 (15 ppm). Mean phenol concentration in the urine of the workers in groups I, II, III and IV respectively was: 7.9 +/- 3.5; 10.0 +/- 5.8; 16.8 +/- 6.2 and 18.4 +/- 9.7 mg x l-1. Hippuric acid concentration in the urine of the workers in groups I to IV was: 496 +/- 326, 538 +/- 341, 982 +/- 420 and 1107 +/- 507 mg x l-1 respectively. The absolute counts were determined of T-cells (CD 3+), T-helper (CD 4+), T-suppressor (CD 8+) cells and natural killer (NK) cells (CD 16+) in the peripheral blood by indirect immunofluorescence. In the subjects with occupational exposure to organic solvents the counts of T-cells and NK-cells were reduced, and the number of T-suppressor cells was raised which resulted in a decrease of the T-helper/T-suppressor ratio. These changes were more pronounced in cigarette smokers. The assessment of the immunotoxic effect of organic solvents during occupational exposure should take into consideration the possibility of a synergistic action with tobacco and may be of practical use for monitoring the toxic effect of organic solvents on the lymphocyte system.
该研究在139名男性群体中进行，分为两个对照组：40名不吸烟者和39名未接触化合物的吸烟者，以及两个接触化合物的组：19名不吸烟者和41名有职业性有机溶剂接触的吸烟者。空气毒理学分析和溶剂色谱分析结果表明存在苯、甲苯、二甲苯及其部分氢化衍生物、石蜡烃、烯烃、环烷烃（油漆溶剂油的成分）、一元醇和多元醇（丁醇、环己醇、丁二醇）、酯（乙二醇乙酸酯、乙酸丁酯）和酮（甲基异丁基酮、环己酮）。在研究期间，苯的时间加权平均（TWA）值为0至38毫克/立方米（0至12 ppm），算术平均值约为19毫克/立方米（6 ppm），苯含量为0 - 351毫克/立方米（0 - 110 ppm），算术平均年平均值约为48毫克/立方米（15 ppm）。第一、二、三、四组工人尿液中苯酚的平均浓度分别为：7.9±3.5；10.0±5.8；16.8±6.2和18.4±9.7毫克/升。第一至四组工人尿液中马尿酸的浓度分别为：496±326、538±341、982±420和1107±507毫克/升。通过间接免疫荧光法测定外周血中T细胞（CD 3 +）、辅助性T细胞（CD 4 +）、抑制性T细胞（CD 8 +）和自然杀伤（NK）细胞（CD 16 +）的绝对计数。在职业性接触有机溶剂的受试者中，T细胞和NK细胞计数减少，抑制性T细胞数量增加，导致辅助性T细胞/抑制性T细胞比值降低。这些变化在吸烟者中更为明显。职业接触期间有机溶剂免疫毒性作用的评估应考虑与烟草协同作用的可能性，这对于监测有机溶剂对淋巴细胞系统的毒性作用可能具有实际用途。
