McCann U D, Slate S O, Ricaurte G A
Unit on Anxiety Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Drug Saf. 1996 Aug;15(2):107-15. doi: 10.2165/00002018-199615020-00003.
3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA; 'ecstasy') is an increasingly popular recreational drug in the US, Western Europe and Australia. In animals, including nonhuman primates, MDMA is known to damage brain serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) neurons. It is not known whether MDMA damages serotonin neurons in the human brain but there is some indication that it may. Although the large majority of individuals who have used MDMA recreationally do not develop acute complications, as the popularity of MDMA has increased, so have reports of adverse nonpsychiatric and psychiatric consequences associated with use of the drug. Further, since manifestations of MDMA-induced serotonin injury might only become apparent with age, or under periods of stress, it is possible that some individuals with no apparent abnormalities might develop complications over time.
3,4-亚甲基二氧甲基苯丙胺（摇头丸；“迷魂药”）在美国、西欧和澳大利亚正成为越来越受欢迎的消遣性毒品。在包括非人类灵长类动物在内的动物中，已知摇头丸会损害大脑中的血清素（5-羟色胺；5-HT）神经元。目前尚不清楚摇头丸是否会损害人类大脑中的血清素神经元，但有一些迹象表明可能会。虽然绝大多数消遣性使用摇头丸的人不会出现急性并发症，但随着摇头丸的普及，与使用该药物相关的不良非精神科和精神科后果的报告也在增加。此外，由于摇头丸引起的血清素损伤的表现可能仅在年龄增长时或压力期间才会显现，因此一些没有明显异常的人随着时间的推移可能会出现并发症。
