Smith J A
Department of Urologic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2765, USA.
J Clin Ultrasound. 1996 Oct;24(8):455-61. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0096(199610)24:8<455::AID-JCU5>3.0.CO;2-J.
Transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) has become the most frequently used imaging modality for the prostate. The internal architecture of the prostate is readily detailed by TRUS, and the procedure allows an accurate measurement of prostate size. Carcinoma of the prostate has a characteristic hypoechoic pattern which is sometimes distinct from the normal echo pattern of the peripheral portion of the prostate. TRUS does not have sufficient sensitivity and specificity to support its use for routine screening for prostate cancer. In men with an abnormality of either digital rectal palpation of the prostate or serum prostate specific antigen, TRUS is useful for directing prostate biopsy. Transrectal core biopsies are obtained under ultrasound direction, and precise placement of the biopsy needles can be accomplished using TRUS.
经直肠超声检查（TRUS）已成为前列腺最常用的成像方式。TRUS能清晰显示前列腺的内部结构，还可准确测量前列腺大小。前列腺癌具有特征性的低回声模式，有时与前列腺外周部分的正常回声模式不同。TRUS的敏感性和特异性不足以支持其用于前列腺癌的常规筛查。对于前列腺指诊或血清前列腺特异性抗原异常的男性，TRUS有助于指导前列腺活检。经直肠穿刺活检在超声引导下进行，使用TRUS可实现活检针的精确放置。
