Santagostino G, Amoretti G, Frattini P, Zerbi F, Cucchi M L, Preda S, Corona G L
Institutes of Pharmacology, Pavia University, Italy.
Neuropsychobiology. 1996;34(1):36-43. doi: 10.1159/000119289.
We studied the effect of alprazolam (APZ) in 12 healthy volunteers on the psychological stress-induced activation of emotion and on the pituitary-adrenal, adrenomedullary and sympathoneuronal systems. After 3 days of placebo or APZ (1 mg/day orally) administration, we examined plasma levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone, cortisol, L-3,4 dihydroxyphenylalanine, dopamine, norepinephrine (NE), epinephrine, metanephrine, normetanephrine, homovanillic acid, vanillylmandelic acid, 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy phenyglycol, urinary levels of cortisol and catecholamines, circulatory responses and state anxiety levels in subjects undergoing psychological stress based on viewing horror, violence, danger and war film clips. Film viewing produced modest rises of state anxiety levels, of plasma NE concentration and of diastolic blood pressure in both the placebo and drug groups. APZ significantly reduced anxiety levels at the beginning of the experimental session and caused a decrease of noradrenergic and dopaminergic neurotransmitter and cortisol concentrations. Our data suggest that APZ reduced anxiety related to the expectation of the event, while the circuitry between structures responsible for anxiety and peripheral sympathoneural function was still found to be partly sensitive to film viewing.
我们研究了阿普唑仑（APZ）对12名健康志愿者心理应激诱导的情绪激活以及垂体 - 肾上腺、肾上腺髓质和交感神经神经元系统的影响。在给予安慰剂或APZ（1毫克/天口服）3天后，我们检测了接受基于观看恐怖、暴力、危险和战争电影片段的心理应激的受试者的促肾上腺皮质激素、皮质醇、L - 3,4 - 二羟基苯丙氨酸、多巴胺、去甲肾上腺素（NE）、肾上腺素、间甲肾上腺素、去甲间甲肾上腺素、高香草酸、香草扁桃酸、3 - 甲氧基 - 4 - 羟基苯乙二醇的血浆水平，皮质醇和儿茶酚胺的尿水平，循环反应以及状态焦虑水平。观看电影使安慰剂组和药物组的状态焦虑水平、血浆NE浓度和舒张压均有适度升高。APZ在实验开始时显著降低了焦虑水平，并导致去甲肾上腺素能和多巴胺能神经递质以及皮质醇浓度降低。我们的数据表明，APZ降低了与事件预期相关的焦虑，而负责焦虑的结构与外周交感神经功能之间的神经回路仍被发现对电影观看部分敏感。
