Holland A C
Public Health Directorate, Northamptonshire Health Authority, Highfield, Northampton.
Public Health. 1996 Sep;110(5):299-303. doi: 10.1016/s0033-3506(96)80093-x.
Much research evidence about homelessness and health relates to large population centres with correspondingly large homeless populations. Such results may not necessarily apply to small towns such as Northampton. A local need was identified for information relating to health and access to health care for homeless people. Seventy five single, homeless people temporarily residing at open access hostels in Northampton were interviewed. The interviews covered: recent accommodation histories recent physical health mental health access to health care current social contacts, life style and aspirations The General Health Questionnaire (GHQ30) was administered to allow assessment of the levels of mental morbidity in the population studied. The results presented here relate to mental health issues. Current mental health problems were reported by 53% of the sample (40 people); of these only 40% (16 people) were receiving treatment. Three people had been admitted to a psychiatric hospital within the past year. Using standard scoring, the GHQ30 identified as cases 72% (44) of the 61 homeless people who completed the GHQ. It was concluded that levels of mental morbidity were higher in the homeless group than would be expected in the general population. This finding, mirrors those of studies in larger population centres. The main form of access to mental health services appeared to be via hospital admission. Any GP treatment offered was likely to be medication. There was no mention of Community Psychiatric Nurse involvement in treatment or care. The results may indicate a significant level of unmet need for mental health intervention amongst the local homeless population.
许多关于无家可归者与健康的研究证据都与拥有相应大量无家可归人口的大型人口中心有关。此类结果未必适用于像北安普敦这样的小镇。人们发现当地需要有关无家可归者的健康及获得医疗保健方面的信息。对75名单身、暂住在北安普敦开放式收容所的无家可归者进行了访谈。访谈内容包括:近期居住史、近期身体健康状况、心理健康状况、获得医疗保健情况、当前的社会交往、生活方式及抱负。使用了一般健康问卷(GHQ30)来评估所研究人群的精神疾病发病率水平。此处呈现的结果与心理健康问题有关。53%的样本(40人)报告有当前心理健康问题;其中只有40%(16人)正在接受治疗。在过去一年里有3人被送进了精神病院。按照标准评分,GHQ30在完成该问卷的61名无家可归者中识别出72%(44人)为病例。得出的结论是,无家可归者群体中的精神疾病发病率高于一般人群的预期水平。这一发现与在大型人口中心开展的研究结果相符。获得心理健康服务的主要方式似乎是通过住院。所提供的任何全科医生治疗可能都是药物治疗。未提及社区精神科护士参与治疗或护理。结果可能表明当地无家可归人群中对心理健康干预存在显著未满足的需求。