Dahlan W, Chatnilbandhu S, Na-Nagara B, Carpentier Y A
Department of Transfusion Medicine, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Biomed Environ Sci. 1996 Sep;9(2-3):263-8.
Choline and docosahexaenoate (DHA) are essential nutrients for maintaining normal brain function. However, their existence in fish lecithin is ignored and excluded during the degumming step of conventional fish oil manufacturing process. The study aims to introduce fish lecithin as alternative precursor of choline and omega-3 fatty acids especially DHA for nutritional supplements. Four grades of Thai fish meals with protein contents ranging from 60-70% were used. Their lipid characteristics were examined. Fish meal's fats and lecithin were 9-15 and 2-3 g/100 g, respectively. Total fatty acids constitute 23-27% monoenes without erucic acid and 24-28% polyenes including 15-19% DHA. Lecithin with 50% purity was prepared from grade-1 fish meal by means of consecutive methanol/n-hexane/acetone extraction. The obtained lecithin contains choline upto 66-70 mole% with DHA reaches to 20-23%. Its peroxide value of 57 and acid value of 9 are accepted for food grade lecithin preparation, however, the further refinery process is still suggested. Since the world consumption of nutritional supplement foods is increasing steadily, the results of our study implies that fish lecithin is probably a promising source of choline and omega-3 fatty acids especially DHA for such an objective.
胆碱和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）是维持正常脑功能所必需的营养素。然而，在传统鱼油制造工艺的脱胶步骤中，它们在鱼卵磷脂中的存在被忽视并排除。本研究旨在引入鱼卵磷脂作为胆碱和ω-3脂肪酸特别是DHA的替代前体，用于营养补充剂。使用了四种蛋白质含量在60%-70%之间的泰国鱼粉。检测了它们的脂质特性。鱼粉中的脂肪和卵磷脂分别为9-15克/100克和2-3克/100克。总脂肪酸中，不含芥酸的单烯酸占23%-27%，多烯酸占24%-28%，其中DHA占15%-19%。通过连续的甲醇/正己烷/丙酮萃取，从一级鱼粉中制备了纯度为50%的卵磷脂。所得卵磷脂含胆碱高达66%-70摩尔%，DHA含量达20%-23%。其过氧化值为57，酸值为9，对于食品级卵磷脂的制备来说是可接受的，不过仍建议进一步精炼。由于全球营养补充食品的消费量在稳步增长，我们的研究结果表明，鱼卵磷脂可能是实现这一目标的胆碱和ω-3脂肪酸特别是DHA的一个有前景的来源。
