Dengue 1 virus binding to human hepatoma HepG2 and simian Vero cell surfaces differs.

We analysed the binding and infectivity of dengue virus serotype 1 (DEN-1) for the human hepatoma cell line HepG2 in comparison with the simian kidney cell line Vero. The higher susceptibility of Vero cells to DEN-1 correlated with greater binding affinity of DEN-1 to these cells. In contrast, the capacity of virus attachment was higher for HepG2 than for Vero cells. Profiles of DEN-1 binding at different pH were markedly different between the two cell types. A type-specific neutralizing monoclonal antibody reduced initial virus binding to both cell types similarly but complex- and group-specific neutralizing antibodies affected virus adhesion differently. Altogether, these results suggest the involvement of different receptors or receptors presented in a different environment on the cell surface in the two cell lines. The sensitivity to proteolytic enzymes and to ionic detergent of the binding sites on the two cell types was tested and results indicated that they may be multimeric proteins or protein complexes.