Sato T, Wada Y, Okazaki M, Kobayashi S, Okabe N, Eto Y, Kubo M, Maekawa K
Department of Pediatrics, Kashiwa Hospital, Jikei University School of Medicine.
Kansenshogaku Zasshi. 1996 Aug;70(8):775-83. doi: 10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi1970.70.775.
Causal organisms and their changes were evaluated in 158 cases of septicaemia admitted to Jikei University Hospital from 1975 to 1994. Eighty patients (50.6%) were aged less than 1 year, and 37 patients (23.4%) were newborns. The average mortality rate was 18.4%. The mortality rate between 1975 and 1984 was 26.8%, and that of the past 10 years (from 1985 to 1994) decreased to 13.7%. Staphylococcus aureus (29 cases, 19.4%) was the most common pathogens isolated, followed by Pseudomonas sp. (24 cases, 15.2%), Escherichia coli (19 cases, 12.0%), and Haemophilus influenzae (18 cases, 11.4%). H. influenzae, Acinetobacter sp., Streptococcus pneumoniae and Group B streptococcus (GBS) increased in the past 10 years (from 1985 to 1994), compared with the preceding 10 years (from 1975 to 1984). The mortality rate of Klebsiella sp. septicaemia (28.6%) was highest, followed by Pseudomonas sp. (25.0%), S. aureus (24.1%), S. pneumoniae (22.2%). H. influenzae and Acinetobacter sp. septicaemia were not fatal. E. coli and GBS were common among neonates and patients aged less than 1 year. H. influenzae septicaemia occurred mainly in patients with meningitis, in those younger than school age. Acinetobacter sp. was common among neonates and children with leukaemia Pseudomonas sp., Klebsiella sp., and Acinetobacter sp. were mainly detected in patients with underlying diseases. E. coli, H. influenzae, S. pneumoniae and GBS were mainly detected in patients without underlying diseases.
对1975年至1994年期间入住东京慈惠会医科大学医院的158例败血症患者的致病微生物及其变化情况进行了评估。80例患者（50.6%）年龄小于1岁，37例患者（23.4%）为新生儿。平均死亡率为18.4%。1975年至1984年期间的死亡率为26.8%，而过去10年（1985年至1994年）降至13.7%。分离出的最常见病原体是金黄色葡萄球菌（29例，19.4%），其次是假单胞菌属（24例，15.2%）、大肠杆菌（19例，12.0%）和流感嗜血杆菌（18例，11.4%）。与前10年（1975年至1984年）相比，流感嗜血杆菌、不动杆菌属、肺炎链球菌和B组链球菌（GBS）在过去10年（1985年至1994年）有所增加。克雷伯菌属败血症的死亡率（28.6%）最高，其次是假单胞菌属（25.0%）、金黄色葡萄球菌（24.1%）、肺炎链球菌（22.2%）。流感嗜血杆菌和不动杆菌属败血症并非致命。大肠杆菌和GBS在新生儿和年龄小于1岁的患者中较为常见。流感嗜血杆菌败血症主要发生在患有脑膜炎的学龄以下患者中。不动杆菌属在新生儿和白血病患儿中较为常见。假单胞菌属、克雷伯菌属和不动杆菌属主要在患有基础疾病的患者中检测到。大肠杆菌、流感嗜血杆菌、肺炎链球菌和GBS主要在无基础疾病的患者中检测到。
