Tassinari C A, Rubboli G, Gardella E
Dept. of Neurology, Univ. of Bologna, Bellaria Hospital, Italy.
Clin Neurosci. 1995;3(4):209-13.
Negative myoclonus (NM) is a motor phenomenon characterized by involuntary jerky movements due to a brief, sudden interruption of muscular activity. This motor disturbance can be observed in a variety of clinical conditions, that can range from physiological NM, occurring when falling asleep or after prolonged exercise, to asterixis, a form of NM observed in patients with toxic-metabolic encephalopathies or with focal brain lesions, or, as a paroxysmal phenomenon, labelled as epileptic negative myoclonus, in epileptic patients. Neurophysiological investigations are essential to diagnose NM and to distinguish it from other motor disorders, such as tremor or positive myoclonus. Furthermore, neurophysiological findings can provide useful information supporting a subcortical or cortical origin of NM. In cortical NM, recent data suggest a role of cortical active inhibitory areas in the generation of this motor phenomenon.
负性肌阵挛（NM）是一种运动现象，其特征是由于肌肉活动的短暂突然中断而出现不自主的抽搐运动。这种运动障碍可见于多种临床情况，范围从生理性NM（如入睡时或长时间运动后出现）到扑翼样震颤（在中毒代谢性脑病或局灶性脑损伤患者中观察到的一种NM形式），或者作为一种发作性现象，在癫痫患者中被称为癫痫性负性肌阵挛。神经生理学检查对于诊断NM并将其与其他运动障碍（如震颤或正性肌阵挛）区分开来至关重要。此外，神经生理学发现可以提供有用信息，支持NM的皮质下或皮质起源。在皮质性NM中，最近的数据表明皮质主动抑制区域在这种运动现象的产生中起作用。
