Rao S S
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, USA.
Gastroenterologist. 1996 Sep;4(3):145-54.
Tests of anorectal function have evolved into clinically useful investigations, and they should no longer be regarded as esoteric tools. This transformation has led to major advances in understanding, diagnosis, and treatment of defecation disorders, such as constipation. Because constipation is a heterogeneous condition, it cannot be assessed by a single test. Judicious use of anorectal manometry, colon transit study, a test of simulated defecation, and defecography may provide invaluable pathophysiological information. Undoubtedly, examination of rectal and anal pressure activity, rectal sensation, rectoanal reflexes, and the functional morphology of the defecation unit provides more information than any other test of gastrointestinal motor function; however, there is no uniform criteria for defining manometric abnormalities. There is also an urgent need for establishing international standards for manometric techniques and for diagnosis. Nevertheless, knowledge and experience have paved the way for innovative diagnostic techniques and therapeutic approaches for patients with constipation.
肛肠功能测试已发展成为具有临床实用价值的检查手段，不应再被视为深奥难懂的工具。这种转变在排便障碍（如便秘）的理解、诊断和治疗方面带来了重大进展。由于便秘是一种异质性疾病，无法通过单一测试进行评估。合理运用肛肠测压、结肠传输试验、模拟排便测试和排粪造影，可能会提供极为宝贵的病理生理信息。毫无疑问，对直肠和肛门压力活动、直肠感觉、直肠肛门反射以及排便单元功能形态的检查，所提供的信息比任何其他胃肠运动功能测试都要多；然而，对于测压异常的定义尚无统一标准。同时，迫切需要建立测压技术和诊断的国际标准。尽管如此，知识和经验为便秘患者的创新诊断技术和治疗方法铺平了道路。
