Walitzer K S, Sher K J
Research Institute on Addictions, Buffalo, New York 14203, USA.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1996 Sep;20(6):1118-24. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.1996.tb01956.x.
The relations among gender, self-esteem, and DSM-III alcohol use disorder diagnoses were examined in a sample of 217 men and 240 women evaluated at four annual assessments over the college years. The results support clinical observations that low self-esteem plays a particularly important etiological role in alcohol problems in women relative to men. Women who had an alcohol use disorder during years 3 and/or 4 showed relatively low levels of self-esteem throughout the study period. Furthermore, the study provides clear evidence for prospective prediction from year 1 self-esteem to year 4 alcohol use disorder diagnosis for women, but not for men. There was minimal evidence to suggest that alcohol use predicts later self-esteem.
在大学期间接受四次年度评估的217名男性和240名女性样本中，研究了性别、自尊与《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第三版（DSM-III）酒精使用障碍诊断之间的关系。结果支持了临床观察结果，即相对于男性，低自尊在女性酒精问题中起着尤为重要的病因学作用。在第3年和/或第4年患有酒精使用障碍的女性在整个研究期间自尊水平相对较低。此外，该研究为从第1年的自尊对女性第4年酒精使用障碍诊断进行前瞻性预测提供了明确证据，但对男性则不然。几乎没有证据表明酒精使用能预测后来的自尊。
