Dubey J P
US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Parasite Biology and Epidemiology Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA.
Vet Parasitol. 1996 Aug;64(1-2):65-70. doi: 10.1016/0304-4017(96)00961-2.
Toxoplasma gondii is found in the tissues of food animals and is an important cause of abortion and mortality in sheep and goats throughout the world. It causes mental retardation and loss of vision in congenitally infected children and death in immunosuppressed patients. A live vaccine, using a nonpersistent strain of T. gondii, is available in New Zealand, the UK and Europe which prevents T. gondii abortion in sheep. A live vaccine using a mutant strain of T. gondii (T-263) is being developed in the USA to reduce oocyst shedding by cats. As yet, there are no drugs to kill T. gondii tissue cysts in human or animal tissues. Freezing to -12 degrees C, cooking to an internal temperature of 67 degrees C, or gamma irradiation (0.5 kGy) can kill tissue cysts in meat.
弓形虫存在于食用动物的组织中，是全球绵羊和山羊流产及死亡的重要原因。它会导致先天性感染儿童智力发育迟缓、视力丧失，以及免疫抑制患者死亡。新西兰、英国和欧洲有一种使用非持续性弓形虫菌株的活疫苗，可预防绵羊的弓形虫流产。美国正在研发一种使用弓形虫突变株（T-263）的活疫苗，以减少猫排出卵囊。目前，尚无药物可杀死人或动物组织中的弓形虫组织包囊。将肉冷冻至-12摄氏度、烹饪至内部温度67摄氏度或进行伽马射线辐照（0.5千戈瑞）可杀死肉中的组织包囊。
