Westermark P
Department of Pathology 1, Linköping University, Sweden.
Diabet Med. 1996 Sep;13(9 Suppl 6):S46-8.
Islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) gives rise to islet amyloid fibrils in NIDDM. Islet amyloid tends to replace islet cells, especially beta-cells and may act as a diffusion barrier. It has also been proposed that IAPP amyloid fibrils are beta-cell cytotoxic. The pathogenesis of islet amyloid is not clear and several factors are probably necessary for amyloid formation. One factor is an amyloidogenic amino acid sequence of IAPP and a second is probably a high local concentration of IAPP. Islet amyloid is not seen in the normal human pancreas and has not been described in the pancreata of transgenic mice over-expressing human IAPP. However, islet amyloid is rapidly deposited in in vitro cultivated islets from these transgenic animals and in isolated normal human islets transplanted into nude mice. Consequently, besides an amyloidogenic structure and high production of IAPP, further factors are necessary for islet amyloid formation in NIDDM.
胰岛淀粉样多肽（IAPP）在非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病（NIDDM）中会形成胰岛淀粉样纤维。胰岛淀粉样物质倾向于取代胰岛细胞，尤其是β细胞，并可能起到扩散屏障的作用。也有人提出IAPP淀粉样纤维具有β细胞毒性。胰岛淀粉样变的发病机制尚不清楚，淀粉样物质形成可能需要几个因素。一个因素是IAPP的淀粉样生成氨基酸序列，另一个因素可能是IAPP的局部高浓度。正常人类胰腺中未见胰岛淀粉样物质，在过表达人IAPP的转基因小鼠胰腺中也未描述过。然而，来自这些转基因动物的体外培养胰岛以及移植到裸鼠体内的分离正常人类胰岛中会迅速沉积胰岛淀粉样物质。因此，除了淀粉样生成结构和IAPP的高产量外，NIDDM中胰岛淀粉样物质形成还需要其他因素。
