Seow W K
Department of Dentistry, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
Pediatr Dent. 1996 Sep-Oct;18(5):379-84.
There have been no previous studies on dental maturation of prematurely born, very low birthweight (< 1500 g, VLBW) Caucasian children. This study investigated dental development and prevalence of enamel defects in a group of 55 VLBW children (mean age at dental examination 7.7 +/- 2.2 years, mean birthweight 1203 +/- 240 g, and mean gestational age 29.8 +/- 2.4 weeks) compared to 55 normal birthweight (NBW) children matched for race, sex, and age. Dental maturity was determined from panoramic radiographs. Overall, VLBW children experienced a delay in dental maturation of approximately 0.29 +/- 0.54 years compared with NBW children (P < 0.02). The VLBW children younger than 6 years of age showed the greatest delay of 0.31 +/- 0.68 years (P < 0.001). In contrast, children aged 9 years and older had no difference in their dental ages compared to controls (P > 0.01), showing that "catch-up" growth had occurred by age 9 years. Children of birthweight < 1000 g with gestational ages < 30 weeks showed the greatest lag period in dental maturation. Clinical examination also showed that VLBW children had a higher percentage of enamel defects in the permanent first molars (21% versus 11%, P < 0.02) and lateral incisors (12% versus 0%, P < 0.01). As the permanent teeth commence their mineralization of few mouths after premature birth, it is hypothesized that there is persistent systemic derangement sufficient to affect enamel formation postnatally for some time in VLBW children.
此前尚无关于早产的极低出生体重（<1500克，VLBW）白种儿童牙齿成熟度的研究。本研究调查了55名VLBW儿童（牙科检查时的平均年龄为7.7±2.2岁，平均出生体重为1203±240克，平均胎龄为29.8±2.4周）的牙齿发育情况和釉质缺陷患病率，并与55名在种族、性别和年龄上匹配的正常出生体重（NBW）儿童进行了比较。通过全景X光片确定牙齿成熟度。总体而言，与NBW儿童相比，VLBW儿童的牙齿成熟度延迟了约0.29±0.54年（P<0.02）。6岁以下的VLBW儿童延迟最为明显，为0.31±0.68年（P<0.001）。相比之下，9岁及以上的儿童与对照组相比牙齿年龄没有差异（P>0.01），表明到9岁时已出现“追赶”生长。出生体重<1000克且胎龄<30周的儿童牙齿成熟度的滞后时间最长。临床检查还显示，VLBW儿童恒牙第一磨牙的釉质缺陷百分比更高（21%对11%，P<0.02），侧切牙也是如此（12%对0%，P<0.01）。由于恒牙在早产 few mouths 后开始矿化，因此推测VLBW儿童存在持续的全身紊乱，足以在出生后一段时间内影响釉质形成。 （注：原文中“few mouths”表述有误，可能是“few months”，但按要求未做修改）
