Torticollis: an unusual presentation of spontaneous pneumomediastinum.

Torticollis is a common clinical sign encountered by pediatricians in a wide variety of childhood illnesses including those from traumatic, neurologic, infectious, inflammatory, and psychogenic causes. We describe a case of spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SPM) manifested as acute torticollis. To the best of our knowledge, torticollis as a result of spontaneous pneumomediastinum has not yet been described. Pneumomediastinum should be included in the differential diagnosis of torticollis.