Rebergen S A, Niezen R A, Helbing W A, van der Wall E E, de Roos A
Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Leiden, The Netherlands.
Radiographics. 1996 May;16(3):467-81. doi: 10.1148/radiographics.16.3.8897617.
Cine gradient-echo (GRE) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and MR velocity mapping can be applied to assess cardiovascular function and to measure volumetric flow in patients with repaired and untreated congenital heart disease. GRE images, particularly when displayed in a cine loop, are very useful for visualizing surgical anastomoses and conduits and for detecting stenosis, regurgitation, and left-to-right shunts. Multisection cine GRE imaging is a suitable method for measuring global right ventricular function, an important issue in congenital heart disease. MR velocity mapping is used for quantitative assessment of hemodynamics. Pressure gradients can be estimated from peak blood flow velocities in stenotic pulmonary arteries or surgical conduits. Because flow volume can be measured with MR velocity mapping, main-, left-, and right pulmonary artery flow, valvular regurgitation, left-to-right shunts, and ventricular filling can all be quantified. The abilities to elucidate complex cardiac anatomy and to measure cardiac function and flow in one examination make MR imaging a useful comprehensive tool for follow-up of congenital heart disease.
电影梯度回波（GRE）磁共振（MR）成像和MR速度成像可用于评估先天性心脏病患者经手术修复和未经治疗的心血管功能并测量容积流量。GRE图像，特别是以电影循环形式显示时，对于观察手术吻合口和管道以及检测狭窄、反流和左向右分流非常有用。多层面电影GRE成像是测量整体右心室功能的合适方法，这在先天性心脏病中是一个重要问题。MR速度成像用于血流动力学的定量评估。可根据狭窄肺动脉或手术管道中的峰值血流速度估计压力梯度。由于可以用MR速度成像测量流量，因此主肺动脉、左肺动脉和右肺动脉血流、瓣膜反流、左向右分流和心室充盈均可量化。在一次检查中阐明复杂心脏解剖结构以及测量心脏功能和血流的能力使MR成像成为先天性心脏病随访的有用综合工具。
