Ross G, Boatright S, Auld P A, Nass R
Cornell University Medical College, NY, USA.
Brain Cogn. 1996 Oct;32(1):1-13. doi: 10.1006/brcg.1996.0054.
Subependymal and mild intraventricular hemorrhages (S/IVH) are likely to affect the subcortical and frontal cortex regions of the brain in premature infants. Damage to the subcortical and frontal areas has been associated with poorer performance in certain abilities, including visual attention, memory for location, and ability to change response set. This study investigated whether S/IVH, occurring at birth, affect these abilities in young children. Two-year-old premature children with S/ IVH, premature children with normal neonatal head ultrasound scans, and full term children with normal births were evaluated on a series of tasks. These tasks were a habituation/novelty preference task (visual attention), Piaget's invisible displacement task (memory for location), an object discrimination reversal task (ability to change response set), and the Bayley Scales of Infant Development (traditional infant test). Premature children with hemorrhage performed significantly less well on the task of ability to remember the last location of a hidden object and on the task of ability to reverse response set. Both groups of premature children performed.
室管膜下及轻度脑室内出血（S/IVH）很可能会影响早产儿大脑的皮质下和额叶皮质区域。皮质下和额叶区域受损与某些能力表现较差有关，包括视觉注意力、位置记忆以及改变反应定势的能力。本研究调查了出生时发生的S/IVH是否会影响幼儿的这些能力。对患有S/IVH的两岁早产儿、新生儿头部超声扫描正常的早产儿以及足月顺产的儿童进行了一系列任务评估。这些任务包括习惯化/新奇偏好任务（视觉注意力）、皮亚杰的物体位置转换任务（位置记忆）、物体辨别反转任务（改变反应定势的能力）以及贝利婴儿发展量表（传统婴儿测试）。患有出血的早产儿在记住隐藏物体最后位置的能力任务和反转反应定势的能力任务上表现明显较差。两组早产儿均参与了测试。
