Frohlich E D
Alton Oschner Medical Foundation, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.
Am J Med Sci. 1996 Nov;312(5):225-8. doi: 10.1097/00000441-199611000-00007.
This review of previous work provides credence that the fourth heart sound associated with electrocardiographic evidence of left atrial abnormality and hyperuricemia is an easily determined and cost-effective clinically determined functional surrogates of hypertensive heart and kidney involvement, respectively. These routinely obtained clinically measurable indexes are well established and are pathophysiologically related to the functional involvement of the heart and kidney from hypertensive cardiovascular disease. Moreover, these seemingly nonspecific findings provide strong clinical support for feasible means to determine the independent risk of hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy and renal involvement in patients with hypertension. In these times of using routine clinical information for cost-effective outcomes, those measurements provide excellent surrogate pathophysiologic indices.
对先前工作的这项综述证实，与左心房异常和高尿酸血症的心电图证据相关的第四心音分别是高血压性心脏和肾脏受累的易于确定且具有成本效益的临床确定功能替代指标。这些常规获得的临床可测量指标已得到充分确立，并且在病理生理学上与高血压性心血管疾病导致的心脏和肾脏功能受累相关。此外，这些看似非特异性的发现为确定高血压患者高血压性左心室肥厚和肾脏受累的独立风险的可行方法提供了有力的临床支持。在利用常规临床信息实现具有成本效益的结果的时代，这些测量提供了出色的替代病理生理指标。
