Takahashi A, Todoroki J, Murasaki M
Department of Psychiatry, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Japan.
Nihon Rinsho. 1996 Mar;54(3):839-44.
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is an uncommon but serious complication of treatment with neurolepticus, made up of hyperthermia, muscular rigidity, disturbance of level of consciousness, autonomic instability and elevated serum creatine phosphokinase. Onset of NMS is often related to commencement of treatment, change of drug, or increase dose, but may occur in the absence of such an event. Physical stress has been suggested as a precipitating factor. NMS is thought to occur from central dopamine depletion in the hypothalamus and basal ganglia. In addition, it is thought that several neurotransmitters, serotonin, noradrenaline and GABA, are related in the mechanism of NMS.
神经阻滞剂恶性综合征（NMS）是使用抗精神病药物治疗时一种罕见但严重的并发症，由高热、肌肉强直、意识水平障碍、自主神经功能不稳定及血清肌酸磷酸激酶升高组成。NMS的起病常与治疗开始、药物更换或剂量增加有关，但也可能在无此类事件的情况下发生。身体应激被认为是一个诱发因素。NMS被认为是由下丘脑和基底神经节的中枢多巴胺耗竭引起的。此外，人们认为几种神经递质，如5-羟色胺、去甲肾上腺素和γ-氨基丁酸，与NMS的发病机制有关。
