Sparks P B, Mond H G, Joyner K H, Wood M P
Department of Cardiology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia.
Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 1996 Oct;19(10):1451-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1540-8159.1996.tb03157.x.
In vitro tests suggest that rate adaptive pacemakers using changes in transthoracic impedance to vary pacing rate may be affected by digital mobile telephones. Electromagnetic fields generated by digital mobile telephones (Global System for Mobile [GSM]) represent a potential source of electromagnetic interference (EMI) for the Telectronics META rate adaptive pacemakers, which use transthoracic impedance as a sensor to determine changes in minute ventilation. Sixteen implanted Telectronics META pulse generators were exposed to 25-W simulated GSM transmissions (900-MHz carrier pulsed at 2, 8, and 217 Hz with a pulse width of 0.6 ms) and the antenna of a 2-W digital mobile telephone (900-MHz, 217-Hz pulse, 0.6-ms pulse width). The 12 dual and four single chamber devices were programmed to maximum sensitivity and assessed in unipolar and bipolar settings and rate adaptive and nonrate adaptive modes. In all cases of EMI, testing was repeated at lower, more routinely set bipolar sensitivity levels. At maximum sensitivity, 11 of 16 devices displayed no evidence of EMI. Brief ventricular triggering occurred in 2, a brief pause in 1, a combination of both in 1, and a brief episode of pacemaker-mediated tachycardia in 1. With pulse generators programmed to more routine sensitivities, only one device displayed rare single beat ventricular triggering. No changes in minute ventilation rate adaptive pacing were observed. At maximum unipolar sensitivities, the META series of rate adaptive pacemakers are resistant to clinically important EMI from digital mobile telephones. Set at routine sensitivities, these devices perform reliably in the presence of digital mobile telephones.
体外测试表明，利用经胸阻抗变化来改变起搏频率的频率自适应起搏器可能会受到数字移动电话的影响。数字移动电话（全球移动通信系统[GSM]）产生的电磁场对泰利特ronics META频率自适应起搏器来说是潜在的电磁干扰（EMI）源，该起搏器利用经胸阻抗作为传感器来确定分钟通气量的变化。16个植入的泰利特ronics META脉冲发生器暴露于25瓦的模拟GSM传输信号（900兆赫兹载波，以2、8和217赫兹脉冲调制，脉冲宽度为0.6毫秒）以及一部2瓦数字移动电话的天线（900兆赫兹，217赫兹脉冲，0.6毫秒脉冲宽度）。12个双腔和4个单腔设备被设置为最大灵敏度，并在单极和双极设置以及频率自适应和非频率自适应模式下进行评估。在所有电磁干扰情况下，均在较低的、更常规设置的双极灵敏度水平下重复测试。在最大灵敏度时，16个设备中有11个未显示出电磁干扰的迹象。2个出现短暂的心室触发，1个出现短暂的停顿，1个两者皆有，1个出现短暂的起搏器介导的心动过速发作。当脉冲发生器设置为更常规的灵敏度时，只有1个设备出现罕见的单搏心室触发。未观察到分钟通气频率自适应起搏的变化。在最大单极灵敏度下，META系列频率自适应起搏器对来自数字移动电话的具有临床意义的电磁干扰具有抗性。设置为常规灵敏度时，这些设备在数字移动电话存在的情况下能可靠运行。
