Capuzzo M, Bianconi M, Contu P, Pavoni V, Gritti G
Istituto di Anestesiologia e Rianimazione, Azienda Ospedaliera S. Anna, Ferrara, Italy.
Intensive Care Med. 1996 Sep;22(9):947-53. doi: 10.1007/BF02044121.
To determine survival and changes in quality of life (QOL) after hospital discharge in patients who had stayed in an intensive care unit (ICU).
Prospective study by direct interviews during ICU stay and 6 months after hospital discharge.
Surgical-medical ICU.
We interviewed cooperative, adult patients admitted consecutively to the ICU for more than 24 h, living near the hospital, who gave informed consent. The following QOL domains were investigated: residence, physical activity, social life, perceived QOL, oral communication and functional limitation.
One-year survival was 82.4% (predicted 84%). Mortality was 36.3% after urgent neoplastic surgery, 19.4% for medical admissions and 4.9% after non-neoplastic surgery. Of 160 patients studied, eight cases, older and already deteriorated at the first interview, could not respond to the perceived QOL item after ICU discharge. In the other 152 patients, physical activity was reduced in 31% (usually slightly), social life had worsened in 32% and functional limitation increased in 30%. The perceived QOL did not change.
After hospital discharge, the survival of ICU-admitted patients is comparable to that of the general population and not related to ICU treatments. Most patients maintain their physical activity and social status at the preadmission level. Any worsening, if present, is slight and does not influence perceived QOL.
确定入住重症监护病房（ICU）的患者出院后的生存率及生活质量（QOL）变化。
在ICU住院期间及出院后6个月通过直接访谈进行前瞻性研究。
外科-内科ICU。
我们对连续入住ICU超过24小时、居住在医院附近且签署知情同意书的成年合作患者进行了访谈。调查了以下QOL领域：居住情况、身体活动、社交生活、感知的QOL、口头交流及功能受限情况。
1年生存率为82.4%（预测为84%）。紧急肿瘤手术后死亡率为36.3%，内科入院患者为19.4%，非肿瘤手术后为4.9%。在研究的160例患者中，8例在首次访谈时年龄较大且病情已恶化，在ICU出院后无法对感知的QOL项目作出回应。在其他152例患者中，31%的患者身体活动减少（通常为轻度），32%的患者社交生活变差，30%的患者功能受限增加。感知的QOL未发生变化。
出院后，入住ICU患者的生存率与普通人群相当，且与ICU治疗无关。大多数患者将身体活动和社会状况维持在入院前水平。若有任何恶化，程度也很轻微，且不影响感知的QOL。
