Hironaka N, Ando K
Preclinical Research Division, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Japan.
Nihon Shinkei Seishin Yakurigaku Zasshi. 1996 Jun;16(3):103-8.
Rhesus monkeys were trained to perform matching-to-sample responses in which monkeys had to choose one of two stimuli that had the same color as the previously presented sample. Half of a daily session consisted of simultaneous trials where the sample was present during the trial, and the other half consisted of delayed trials, where the sample had been presented at the start of the trial but was withheld at the time of choosing. With vehicle control, the percentage of correct responses (CR%) in both trials exceeded 85%. Scopolamine (4-32 micrograms/kg, SC) selectively decreased the CR% for delayed trials in five out of eight animals, suggesting impairment of short-term memory. Physostigmine (2-16 micrograms/kg, SC), arecoline (16-128 micrograms/kg, SC) and nicotine (4-32 micrograms/kg, SC) attenuated the scopolamine-induced impairment of CR% in delayed trials with concurrent administration with scopolamine. Methamphetamine (16-64 micrograms/kg, SC) did not show such effects. These results suggested that scopolamine-induced memory impairment could be recovered by cholinergic agonists.
恒河猴接受训练以执行匹配样本反应任务，即猴子必须从两个刺激物中选择与先前呈现的样本颜色相同的那一个。每天的实验时段一半由同步试验组成，在试验期间样本一直呈现，另一半由延迟试验组成，样本在试验开始时呈现，但在选择时被撤下。使用载体对照时，两种试验中的正确反应百分比（CR%）均超过85%。东莨菪碱（4 - 32微克/千克，皮下注射）在八只动物中的五只中选择性地降低了延迟试验的CR%，表明短期记忆受损。毒扁豆碱（2 - 16微克/千克，皮下注射）、槟榔碱（16 - 128微克/千克，皮下注射）和尼古丁（4 - 32微克/千克，皮下注射）在与东莨菪碱同时给药时，减轻了东莨菪碱诱导的延迟试验中CR%的损害。甲基苯丙胺（16 - 64微克/千克，皮下注射）未显示出此类效果。这些结果表明，东莨菪碱诱导的记忆损害可被胆碱能激动剂恢复。
