Dronkers N F
VA Northern California Health Care System, Martinez, California 94553, USA.
Nature. 1996 Nov 14;384(6605):159-61. doi: 10.1038/384159a0.
Human speech requires complex planning and coordination of mouth and tongue movements. Certain types of brain injury can lead to a condition known as apraxia of speech, in which patients are impaired in their ability to coordinate speech movements but their ability to perceive speech sounds, including their own errors, is unaffected. The brain regions involved in coordinating speech, however, remain largely unknown. In this study, brain lesions of 25 stroke patients with a disorder in the motor planning of articulatory movements were compared with lesions of 19 patients without such deficits. A robust double dissociation was found between these two groups. All patients with articulatory planning deficits had lesions that included a discrete region of the left precentral gyrus of the insula, a cortical area beneath the frontal and temporal lobes. This area was completely spared in all patients without these articulation deficits. Thus this area seems to be specialized for the motor planning of speech.
人类言语需要对口腔和舌头的运动进行复杂的规划和协调。某些类型的脑损伤会导致一种被称为言语失用症的状况，即患者在协调言语运动的能力方面受损，但他们感知语音的能力，包括感知自身错误的能力，并未受到影响。然而，参与协调言语的脑区在很大程度上仍然未知。在这项研究中，将25名患有发音运动的运动规划障碍的中风患者的脑损伤与19名没有此类缺陷的患者的损伤进行了比较。在这两组之间发现了明显的双重分离。所有有发音规划缺陷的患者的损伤都包括岛叶左中央前回的一个离散区域，该区域位于额叶和颞叶下方的一个皮质区域。在所有没有这些发音缺陷的患者中，这个区域完全未受影响。因此，这个区域似乎专门负责言语的运动规划。
