Kotloff K L
Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore 21201, USA.
Vaccine. 1996 Aug;14(12):1174-5. doi: 10.1016/0264-410x(96)00085-0.
Prevention and treatment of H. pylori infection through immunization would be an important achievement considering the high cost of drug therapy, the appearance of antibiotic resistant strains, and the failure of drug therapy to prevent reinfection. Success hinges on determining the extent to which immunologic memory can be evoked in the stomach, and the ability to identify antigens and delivery systems which stimulate protective immunity rather than disease-promoting responses. Recent experiments by several groups have demonstrated that mice immunized orally or intragastrically (along with mucosal adjuvant) with whole H. pylori lysate, purified or recombinant urease, or purified VacA were significantly protected against challenge with virulent Helicobacter. Several vaccine candidates will enter clinical trials in humans in the near future.
鉴于药物治疗成本高昂、抗生素耐药菌株的出现以及药物治疗无法预防再感染的情况，通过免疫接种预防和治疗幽门螺杆菌感染将是一项重要成果。成功与否取决于确定在胃中能唤起免疫记忆的程度，以及识别能刺激保护性免疫而非促病反应的抗原和递送系统的能力。几个研究小组最近的实验表明，经口服或胃内（连同黏膜佐剂）用幽门螺杆菌全菌裂解物、纯化或重组脲酶或纯化的空泡毒素A免疫的小鼠，能显著抵御强毒力幽门螺杆菌的攻击。几种候选疫苗将在不久的将来进入人体临床试验。
