Late reconstruction after pelvic ring injuries.

Pelvic malunions or nonunions are the result of inappropriate treatment of rotationally or linearly unstable injuries of the pelvic ring. Long-term sequelae such as chronic pain in the posterior pelvic ring, gait abnormalities, leg length discrepancy, sitting discomfort, neurological problems or impingement on the visceral organs may be secondary to the disturbed integrity of the pelvic ring. The late correction of the deformity is technically much more demanding than the treatment of acute pelvic ring injuries. Depending on the specific problem, osteotomies at the site of the deformity, excision of scar tissue and callus, release of ligaments, bone grafting, and an adapted technique of reduction and fixation may be required. Possible complications include nerve or vascular injuries, incomplete reduction of the deformity, failure to unite, incomplete pain relief, and infection. Prior to surgery, a careful clinical and radiological examination is mandatory to assess the relationship between the presenting anatomical deformity and the complaints of the patient. The final decision for surgery has to be made by the patient taking into account reasonable expectation and the potential complications associated with the corrective procedure.