End-stage renal disease. Measures to prevent it or slow its progression.

Studies conducted over the past 10 years have indicated that end-stage renal disease can be prevented or its progression slowed in many cases. Although prevention involves lifestyle changes, which many patients find difficult to make, strategies must be developed to help patients achieve the changes. Tight glycemic control in diabetic patients, control of blood pressure, and use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors are the essential features of the care needed to prevent renal failure.