Northam S
Texas Woman's University, Denton 76204-3498, USA.
Public Health Nurs. 1996 Oct;13(5):353-64. doi: 10.1111/j.1525-1446.1996.tb00261.x.
Health care access was surveyed in a sample of 182 northern Texas individuals (57% Hispanic) who provided information on 658 family members in northern Texas. Barriers were evaluated using the Institute of Medicine (Millman, 1993) and the L.A. Aday and R.M. Anderson (1981) conceptual framework and a survey research design. Eighty-eight percent of the 182 respondents were 54 years old or younger, yet the majority reported fair health status with currently unmet needs and untreated health problems. Forty-nine percent used an emergency room within the last year. Forty-two percent of the respondents always worry about their future health and 40% perceived little or no influence over their family's future health status. Forty-one percent of the variance in chronic health problems was accounted for by barriers, mental health needs, educational needs, and use of social services. Seventeen percent of the variance in health status was explained by mutable barriers to access. Unmet needs negatively affected physical and mental health. This study demonstrated that this relatively young sample (77% < 44 years old) was experiencing health care access needs. These data aid evaluation of the Healthy People 2000 goal of reducing disparities that exist among Americans in health promotion, protection and prevention.
对得克萨斯州北部182名个人（57%为西班牙裔）进行了医疗保健可及性调查，这些人提供了得克萨斯州北部658名家庭成员的信息。使用医学研究所（米尔曼，1993年）以及L.A. 阿代和R.M. 安德森（1981年）的概念框架和调查研究设计对障碍因素进行了评估。182名受访者中有88%年龄在54岁及以下，但大多数人报告健康状况一般，目前仍有未满足的需求和未治疗的健康问题。49%的人在过去一年中使用过急诊室。42%的受访者总是担心自己未来的健康，40%的人认为自己对家庭未来的健康状况几乎没有或没有影响。慢性健康问题中41%的差异可归因于障碍因素、心理健康需求、教育需求和社会服务的使用。健康状况中17%的差异可由可变的获取障碍来解释。未满足的需求对身心健康产生了负面影响。这项研究表明，这个相对年轻的样本（77% < 44岁）存在医疗保健可及性需求。这些数据有助于评估《健康人民2000》中关于减少美国人群在健康促进、保护和预防方面存在的差距这一目标。
