Frostick S P
Department of Orthopaedic and Accident Surgery, University of Nottingham, UK.
Int Angiol. 1995 Sep;14(3):278-87.
Fundamental metabolic changes occur in muscle following damage of the nerve supply. These changes include alterations in the enzyme activities associated with oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis, and alteration in the metabolism of cAMP, changes in the sensitivity to insulin and other alterations of the handling of glucose and probably also an alteration in the metabolism of Ca2+ possibly resulting in a metabolic myopathy. There are also changes in the turnover of acetylcholine receptors and possibly cytoskeletal proteins such as dystrophin-related protein. The biochemical changes are paralleled by similar alterations in physiological parameters such as electromyographic measurements and structural changes such as those that occur at the endplate. Similar genes to those which are active during muscle cell development may be "switched-on" following a nerve injury. The return of these parameters to normal after reinnervation is variable and may be incomplete.
神经供应受损后，肌肉会发生基本的代谢变化。这些变化包括与氧化磷酸化和糖酵解相关的酶活性改变、环磷酸腺苷（cAMP）代谢改变、对胰岛素敏感性变化以及葡萄糖处理的其他改变，可能还包括钙离子（Ca2+）代谢改变，这可能导致代谢性肌病。乙酰胆碱受体的更新也有变化，可能还有细胞骨架蛋白如肌营养不良相关蛋白的变化。这些生化变化伴随着生理参数的类似改变，如肌电图测量结果，以及结构变化，如终板处发生的变化。与肌肉细胞发育过程中活跃的基因相似的基因，可能在神经损伤后被“开启”。重新神经支配后，这些参数恢复正常的情况各不相同，可能并不完全恢复。
